In order to reduce costs, it is advisable to install a stand-alone warm air heating system in rooms of various types. The type of installation chosen, which is based on heat generators, depends on the needs of the room. That is, depending on the requirements, a type of equipment is chosen that is able to heat the air in the required quantity. Air heating is often used in large rooms such as car washes, shopping centres, hotels, etc.
The main advantages of such devices are:
- It is economically advantageous because the air is heated directly within the room. An autonomous air heating system has high energy efficiency because the fuel is burned directly, without any intermediate heat carrier. While heat recovery heaters have efficiencies between 92% and 96%, direct heating systems achieve 100%. To save money, the system is often set to optimal parameters during non-working hours, and thanks to automation, it can maintain appropriate climatic conditions during that time.
- Environmentally friendly. Supply ventilation in enterprises doesn’t always function properly. Systems with direct heating or heat generators help the supply system work more efficiently, thereby improving the overall microclimate in the room, which in turn increases employee productivity.
- Environmentally friendly. Supply ventilation in enterprises doesn’t always work properly. Direct heating systems or heat generators make the supply system function better, thus improving the overall microclimate in the room, which increases employee productivity.
- No intermediate heat transfer fluid. This means that maintaining a water-based heating system, boiler room, or water treatment system is simply unnecessary. It’s also important to note that water-based heating is not always feasible in large spaces, while air-based heating reduces costs not only during installation but also during operation.
- Automation. The air heating system operates almost automatically. Therefore, there’s no need to find experienced specialists to manage the equipment. The system runs in the mode that has been set and automatically generates the necessary amount of heat.
- Low cost. Large spaces can be quickly heated using heat generators. At the same time, installation costs are low.
Selecting Equipment for Air Heating Systems
Only experienced specialists can select the appropriate equipment to automate an air heating system. Systems can be centralized or decentralized, with partial or full heat recovery, or designed exclusively for heating incoming air. Given the wide variety of air heating systems, specialists from Kliwenta choose the best option, taking into account all client requirements and room specifics.
When selecting a system, the company’s specialists are guided by the following principles:
- There are systems that are only capable of heating small rooms because they have low air exchange rates (k < 0.5...1). The total heat output of heat generators must be sufficient to compensate for heat losses. Given the low ventilation rates, it's better to choose systems that operate on indirect heating generators. These can have partial or full recovery of internal air. It's also important to note that ventilation can be natural or mixed with fresh air that is subject to recirculation. With this option, it's necessary to increase the capacity of the heater, as additional heat is needed to warm the incoming air.
Such a heating system can be based on floor-mounted or wall-mounted heat generators. They can be installed directly in the room to be heated. However, if this isn’t feasible, the equipment is installed in a ventilation chamber, and warm air is delivered to the room through air ducts. Since most systems operate during the day in a partial recirculation mode, it’s possible to switch the equipment to full recirculation mode when not in use, to reduce energy costs. To achieve this, some heat generators need to be turned off.
- Room heating systems with high air exchange rates. Large spaces require a regular supply of fresh air (k > 2). Given the scale, significantly more heat is needed to warm the incoming air than to compensate for heat losses. Therefore, specialists from Kliwenta advise combining air heating with supply ventilation. This can be achieved by using gas air heaters with a mixing chamber or heat generators with heat recovery. To calculate the heating capacity required, you need to add the energy needed to warm the incoming air as well as the heat that needs to be recovered to make up for heat losses. In direct heating systems, all the supply air is heated. During working hours, the system controls the temperature of the supply air, which can range from 16°C to 35°C. After working hours, you can set it to standby mode, which maintains a temperature of about +2 to +5°C. It’s also possible to set the heat generators to full recirculation mode.
Considering the efficiency of heaters in central systems, these devices are the least expensive.
- Hybrid systems. This type of heating system is useful in spaces where the amount of heat and the heating of incoming air can vary significantly throughout the day. The installation of combined systems doesn’t require large investments. It’s better to separate hybrid systems from supply ventilation. The operation of these systems is based on heat recovery generators or direct heating systems. The supply system heats the air to a temperature of +25-40°C, thus also warming the room. The cost of direct heating systems is significantly lower than those based on heat recovery generators. Additionally, you can also install water-based heating, which will be used, but in standby mode.
Different combinations of equipment, depending on the type of air heaters, allow simultaneous room heating and solving the issue of supply ventilation.
Rooftop air conditioners.
Rooftop units (rooftop air conditioners) are often used to provide the necessary heating for large warehouse buildings. Their operation is based on gas heating.
Rooftop units are installed on the building’s roof or on structural frameworks. Thus, there’s no need to find additional space within the building to install the equipment. Rooftop air conditioners enable proper heating, ventilation, and air conditioning of large spaces. Among the most popular rooftop units, European and American systems stand out.
The design of a rooftop air conditioner (rooftop unit).
Rooftop air conditioners consist of a monobloc autonomous unit. The casing contains: a refrigeration unit, condenser and evaporator with their fans, a device for controlling the flow of refrigerant, flanges for connecting supply and exhaust air ducts, a gas-fired indirect heating unit, devices for regulating cooling and heating capacity, as well as automation and automatic safety features.
Once the appropriate equipment is selected, it’s possible to set optimal parameters that will ensure optimal climatic conditions in a large building.
Given that a rooftop air conditioner consists of a monobloc unit, its installation and technical maintenance do not take much time. Achieving the proper distribution of air is also very easy, as the removal of polluted air and the supply of fresh air occur through air ducts. When installing such devices, you don’t have to worry about disrupting the interior design, as only the ventilation grilles will be visible.
The heating system using rooftop units can be based on the installation of a heat pump, a heating element, or a gas chamber. By contacting Kliwenta, every customer can get recommendations for installing this or that equipment, taking into account the specific requirements of the space. The freon-based cooling section installed in the rooftop air conditioner allows it to perform the air conditioning function.
Among the main advantages of rooftop air conditioners, we can mention:
- Their reliability;
- Cost-effectiveness, as water-based systems with the same output consume 30-45% more gas;
- Easy and quick installation;
- The possibility of installing multiple systems simultaneously;
- The devices do not generate a lot of noise during operation.
The performance of rooftop units depends directly on the professionalism of the specialists who install and maintain them. Therefore, to avoid paying twice, it’s better to invest in experienced professionals and experts in this field from the outset. Kliwenta provides services for selecting optimal air heating equipment, installation, and maintenance. Ensure the smooth operation of your air heating system—contact the experienced professionals at Kliwenta.
